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Iran Information and Short History |
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History of economic relations between Iran and Belgium goes a long way back to
the late 19th century. At that time , Iran took advantage from co-operating
with Belgium in erecting its first sugar factory , its first railroad between
Tehran and Shahr-e-Ray, and the reorganization of its Ministries of Customs ,
Finance and Post. Belgium , in its part , imported Iranian products such as oil
, carpet and wool as well. These old economic relations between the two
countries declined after the outbreak of the Second World War but resumed its
vigor in 1961 and progressed further. Establishment of Iran and Belgium Chamber
of Commerce and Industry in Tehran is intended to serve as an important
mechanism for developing these relations further. It is hoped that through the
offices of this Chamber, the economic , trade and industrial activities of both
countries will enjoy a considerable growth in the future.
IRAN INFORMATIONS
the
Islamic Republic of Iran Persian: جمهوری اسلامی ايران, also known
internationally as Persia, is a Southwest Asian country located in the
geographical territories of Southern Asia,, Central Asia and the Caucasus.
Persian is the official language. The 18th largest country in the world in
terms of area at 1,648,195 km², Iran is about the size of United Kingdom,
France, Spain and Germany combined. It has a population of over seventy million
people. Iran borders Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Turkmenistan to the north;
Afghanistan and Pakistan to the east; and Turkey and Iraq to the west. In
addition, it borders the Persian Gulf, an important oil-producing area, Gulf of
Oman, and the Caspian Sea. Iran is one of the world's oldest continuous major
civilizations, with historical and urban settlements dating back to 4000 BCE.
Throughout history, Iran has been of geostrategic importance because of its
central location in Eurasia. Iran is a founding member of the UN, NAM, OIC,
OPEC, ECO, and seeks to join the SCO.. As a regional power., Iran occupies an
important position in international energy security and world economy due to
its large reserves of petroleum and natural gas. The country is known for its
independent stances in the global arena.
Economy of Iran
Iran's economy is a mixture of central planning, state ownership of
oil and other large enterprises, village agriculture, and small-scale private
trading and service ventures. Its economic infrastructure has been improving
steadily over the past two decades but continues to be affected by inflation
and unemployment. In the early twenty-first century the service sector
contributed the largest percentage of the GDP, followed by industry (mining and
manufacturing) and agriculture. About 45 percent of the government's budget
came from oil and natural gas revenues, and 31 percent came from taxes and
fees. Government spending contributed to an average annual inflation rate of 14
percent in the period 2000–2004. In 2006 the GDP was estimated at $193.5
billion ($599.2 billion at PPP), or $2,440 per capita ($8,700 at PPP). Because
of these figures and the country’s diversified but small industrial base, the
United Nations classifies Iran's economy as semi-developed. Iran's major
commercial partners are China, Germany, South Korea, France, Japan, Russia and
Italy. Since the late 1990s, Iran has increased its economic cooperation with
other developing countries, including Syria, India, Cuba, Venezuela, and South
Africa. Iran is also expanding its trade ties with Turkey and Pakistan and
shares with its partners the common goal of creating a single economic market
in West and Central Asia, much like the European Union called ECO. Iran also
expects to attract billions of dollars of foreign investment by creating a more
favorable investment climate, such as reduced restrictions and duties on
imports, and free-trade zones in Chabahar, Qeshm and Kish Island. The current
administration continues to follow the market reform plans of the previous one
and indicated that it will diversify Iran's oil-reliant economy. It is
attempting to do this by investing revenues in areas like automobile
manufacturing, aerospace industries, consumer electronics, petrochemicals and
nuclear technology. Iran has also developed a biotechnology, nanotechnology,
and pharmaceuticals industry.[78] The strong oil market since 1996 helped ease
financial pressures on Iran and allowed for Tehran's timely debt service
payments. Iranian budget deficits have been a chronic problem, in part due to
large-scale state subsidies, totaling more than $40 billion per year, that
include foodstuffs and especially gasoline.
Tourism
Xerxes Gate, The gate of all nations at Persepolis The tourist
industry declined dramatically during the war with Iraq in the 1980s but has
subsequently revived. The majority of the 300,000 tourist visas granted in 2003
were obtained by Asian Muslims, who presumably intended to visit important
pilgrimage sites in Mashhad and Qom. About 1,659,000 foreign tourists visited
Iran in 2004; most came from Asian countries, including the republics of
Central Asia, while a small share came from the countries of the European Union
and North America. Several organized tours from Germany, France, and other
European countries come to Iran annually to visit archaeological sites and
monuments. The government reported that in 2004 some 4 million tourists,
including over 2 million Iranians on vacation, spent nearly US$2 billion in
Iran, an increase of 10 percent over 2003. However, in the early 2000s the
industry still faced serious limitations in infrastructure, communications,
regulatory norms, and personnel training.[83] Iran currently ranks 68th in
tourism revenues worldwide. Iran with attractive natural and historical sites
is rated among the 10 most touristic countries in the world. Close to 1.8
percent of national employment is generated in the tourism sector which is
slated to increase to 10 percent in the next five years. Iranian hospitality is
one of the unique and distinctive features of its people |
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